Quercus ilex

Features and care

Quercus ilex, known as the holm oak, is a slow-growing Mediterranean evergreen tree with a dense crown. Its year-round shade and long-lived structure make it suitable as a standalone specimen, in tree groups and in dry landscape compositions where continuous foliage is valued.

The leaves are leathery, dark green on top and greyish underneath. The margin can be spinier on young shoots and smoother on mature leaves. Small yellowish-green catkins appear in spring; acorns, partly covered by a scaly cup, are its characteristic fruit.

It can be grown in sun or part shade and reaches 10 to 20 m. It requires dry to cool, well-drained soil, with low supplemental watering during establishment and drought, letting the soil dry out partially. Its tolerance to persistent humid air is low. Its USDA 7–10 hardiness reflects its adaptation to winters with moderate frosts and to markedly dry summers.

At Ornacom we cultivate each specimen directly, guaranteeing a balanced size and abundant flowering from the first years of planting.

Extended species profile

Verified cultivation data, designed so any visitor can see at a glance whether the plant suits their climate and garden.

Cultivation

Exposure

Full sun or part shade

Watering

ORN-RIEGO 2/5 · low — supplemental watering during establishment and drought; let dry out partially

Soil / moisture

Dry to cool; well drained

Flowering

Inconspicuous

Climate

USDA hardiness

Zones 7 – 10

Compatible climates

Csa, Csb, BSh, Cfa dry

Humid climate tolerance

ORN-HUM 2/5 · low

Maintenance

Growth

ORN-ALT 5/5 · 10–20 m · slow growth

Pests

ORN-PLAGA 4/5 · high — processionary caterpillars, borers, powdery mildew and decline/Phytophthora

Fertilising

ORN-ABONO 2/5 · low — prioritise soil and organic matter; fertilise in spring only based on analysis and vigour

  • Warning

Prefers a dry summer; does not tolerate waterlogging. Its taproot makes late transplanting difficult.

Extended species profile

Verified cultivation data, designed so any visitor can see at a glance whether the plant suits their climate and garden.

Cultivation

Exposure

Full sun or part shade

Watering

ORN-RIEGO 2/5 · low — supplemental watering during establishment and drought; let dry out partially

Soil / moisture

Dry to cool; well drained

Flowering

Inconspicuous

Climate

USDA hardiness

Zones 7 – 10

Compatible climates

Csa, Csb, BSh, Cfa dry

Humid climate tolerance

ORN-HUM 2/5 · low

Maintenance

Growth

ORN-ALT 5/5 · 10–20 m · slow growth

Pests

ORN-PLAGA 4/5 · high — processionary caterpillars, borers, powdery mildew and decline/Phytophthora

Fertilising

ORN-ABONO 2/5 · low — prioritise soil and organic matter; fertilise in spring only based on analysis and vigour

  • Warning

Prefers a dry summer; does not tolerate waterlogging. Its taproot makes late transplanting difficult.

Contact our sales team

Get a quote