Sambucus nigra

Features and care

Sambucus nigra, known as the elder or black elder, is a fast-growing large shrub or small deciduous tree. Its large flower clusters and dark fruit provide seasonal interest, with uses in informal hedges, garden backdrops and natural-looking planting groups.

It forms several stems and compound leaves made up of oval leaflets with serrated edges. In summer, small cream flowers appear, gathered in broad, fairly flat clusters that stand out against the green. The fruits ripen from late summer into autumn and turn a glossy black.

It reaches 3 to 6 m and adapts to sunny or partly shaded positions. It prefers cool to moist, well-drained soil, with high, regular watering to keep moisture even, increasing the amount in hot weather without saturating. It has very high tolerance to humid air and resistance to USDA 4–8 frosts. Ground with available water supports steady growth.

At Ornacom we cultivate each specimen directly, guaranteeing a balanced size and abundant flowering from the first years of planting.

Extended species profile

Verified cultivation data, designed so any visitor can see at a glance whether the plant suits their climate and garden.

Cultivation

Exposure

Full sun or part shade

Watering

ORN-RIEGO 4/5 · high — keep moisture even, increasing in heat; avoid waterlogging

Soil / moisture

Cool to moist; well drained

Flowering

Summer

Climate

USDA hardiness

Zones 4 – 8

Compatible climates

Cfb, Cfa, Dfb, Csb

Humid climate tolerance

ORN-HUM 5/5 · very high

Maintenance

Growth

ORN-ALT 4/5 · 3–6 m · fast growth

Pests

ORN-PLAGA 3/5 · medium — sap-sucking/boring insects and leaf or root fungi; watch for water stress

Fertilising

ORN-ABONO 2/5 · low — prioritise soil and organic matter; fertilise in spring only based on analysis and vigour

  • Warning

Raw fruit and green parts can be toxic; vigorous and susceptible to aphids.

Extended species profile

Verified cultivation data, designed so any visitor can see at a glance whether the plant suits their climate and garden.

Cultivation

Exposure

Full sun or part shade

Watering

ORN-RIEGO 4/5 · high — keep moisture even, increasing in heat; avoid waterlogging

Soil / moisture

Cool to moist; well drained

Flowering

Summer

Climate

USDA hardiness

Zones 4 – 8

Compatible climates

Cfb, Cfa, Dfb, Csb

Humid climate tolerance

ORN-HUM 5/5 · very high

Maintenance

Growth

ORN-ALT 4/5 · 3–6 m · fast growth

Pests

ORN-PLAGA 3/5 · medium — sap-sucking/boring insects and leaf or root fungi; watch for water stress

Fertilising

ORN-ABONO 2/5 · low — prioritise soil and organic matter; fertilise in spring only based on analysis and vigour

  • Warning

Raw fruit and green parts can be toxic; vigorous and susceptible to aphids.

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